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(No Mariel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. P. ROBERTS.

VAPOR sTOVB AND BURNER.

No. 399,212 Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

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(NoModeL) H. P. ROBERTS.

VAPOR STOVE AND BURNER.

Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

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UNITED STATES HENRY P. ROBERTS,

FOURTHS TO A. F. ALLEN BRONN,

B. MARS H ALL.

OF JAhlESTOlVN, NElV YORK, ASSIGNOR OF THREE- GEORGE S. GIFFORD, ANDMARTHA VAPOR STOVE AND BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,212, dated March 5,1889.

Application filed August 9, 1333-.

.To (6 whom it may concern.-

l Be it known that I, HENRY P. ROBERTS, a citizen of the United States,residing at James town, in the county of Chautauqua and State of NewYork, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Vapor Stoves andBurners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in vapor burners and stovesadapted to burn crude petroleum or other hydrocarbon; and it consists inthe peculiar construction and combination of devices, that will be morefully set forth hereinafter, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of my improvedvapor-stove. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 isa detached inverted plan view of the retortor generating-chamber. Fig.i. is a detailed perspective view of a modified form of the same,showing a number of burners depending therefrom. Fig. 5 is an enlargedvertical longitudinal sectional viewof the retort, the supply-pipe, andthe burner. Fig. 6 isan enlarged detailed vertical central sectionalview of my improved vapor-burner.

A represents a hollow standard, which forms the base of the stove, andis of the form here shown, and is supported by legs B. At the base ofthe standard are a series of air-inlet openings, G. The central portionof the standard is contracted to form a neck, 1'), in which is located apivoted damper, E. The upper end of the hollow standard enlarged to forma bellshaped circular hollow table, F, from the center of which projectsavertical inverted conical combustion-chainber, G. The same is providedon one side with a hinged door, H, by means of which access may beobtained to the interior of the comloustion-chainber. The lattercommunicates at its lower end with the hollow standard, as 2 shown inFig.

Supported on the upper endoi' the combustion-chamber G is a drum oroven,l, the same being cylindrical in shape, here shown, or Y of anyother preferred form. On one side of the said drum or oven is a door, K.

L represents a retort or vapor generator" the-central portion of whichis circular in lerial No. 282,310. (No model.)

shape, as at M, lEig. l, and the said retort is provided with arms N,which project in diametrically-opposite directions from the centralportion, M, and rest upon the bottom of the drum or even I, and serve tosupport the circular portion M above the combustion chamber B andconcentric therewith, so as to leave an opening between said combustioirchamber and the drum or oven, shown in Fig. The sides of the centralportion, M, of the retort converge downward till they meet, as shown inFigs. l and 6, and thereby the said central portion of the retort isprovided with a maximum amount of heatingsurface. Arranged directly inthe center of the retort is an inverted conical cap or chamber, O, whichis supported bya pair of bridgearms, P, that are arranged at rightangles to the arms N, and are provided with longitudinal openings, whichestablish communication between the portion M of the retort and the cap0. In the lower side of the cap 0 is screwed a bushing, R.

S represents a vertical cylindrical burner, the upper end of which isconical and is provided with a central ascending stem or-pipe, T, theupper end of which is screwed into the bushing R, so as to suspend theburner from the cap, as shown in Figs. "2, 3, and 6. The bore of thesaid stem or pipe red need at its lower end, where it communicates withthe upper end of the mixing-chamber Z formed in the burner, so as toform a minute chan' nel, U, to introduce vapor in a jet havingconsiderable velocity to the interior of the burner.

The conical upper side of the burner is provided with air-inlet openingsY, and near the base of the burner are escape-openings \V for thecommingled air and vapor. The base of the burner is provided with acentral cone, X, the axis of which is directly in line with the channelll, and the said bascis further provided with an annular concavity orrecess, Y, which surrounds the base of the cone and is of suitabledepth, as shown in Fig. 7.

Z represents a diaphragm or plate, which is arranged in the burner at asuitable .dis'

' tance from the base thereof, and is substantially concave-convex, withthe concaved side down, and is provided-with a centralopening,

0f the lamps E may be discontinued.

retort with openings D, in which are inserted.

the bowls of lamps E, of suitable construcneys F, which serve toconcentrate the heat from the lamps under the arms N of the retort inorder to heat the latter sufficiently to convert the oil therein intovapor when it is desired to start the burner in operation.

An escape-pipe, G, for the products of co mbustion comm unicates withand extends from the oven or drum I.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The damper E being opened,atmospheric air is admitted to the hollow st andard A through theopenings C and ascends through the said standard. The valve 0 beingopened, oil is supplied to the retort from the reservoir, and the heatfrom the lamps F converts the oil into vapor, as before stated, and thevapor is forced by its own expansion through the cap 0 and the stem orpipe T and through the contracted channel U into the burner, and iscaused to impinge against the sides of the cone X. From the said sidesof the cone the vapor is deflected to the bottom of the coneavity'orrecess Y, and from the same the vapor is deflected upward at an angle ofabout thirtyfive degrees (from the perpendicular) through the openingsXV. As the vapor thus passes downward through the burner and outwardthrough the openings \V thereof, a partial vacuum is formed in theburner, and hence air is sucked into the same through the openings V inthe upper end of the burner. The plate or diaphragm Z causes the air toeddy in the burner and become commingled in such quantities with thevapor, as the latter descends through the burner, as to render the vaporhighly combustible, and the commingled air and vapor which escapethrough the openings \V are ignited and burn in a bluish flame of greatheat and brillianey.

It will be evident that after the burner is started in operation theretort will be maintained at such a temperature as to cause the same toconvert the oil to vapor as rapidly as the oil is supplied thereto, andhence the use The air which is sucked into the openings V of the burnermust first pass through the flame, andhence becomes highly heated, andthus caused to commingle more readily with the vaporin the burner andalso assist in maintaining the latter at a high degree of temperaturebefore it becomes ignited.

The air which ascends through the standard A is caused, by thecontracted combustion-chamber G, to be thrown into intimate associationwith the flame from the burner, and hence becomes highly heated beforepassing into the oven or drum I.

The tarry residuum from the oil is carried by the vapor and dashedagainst the sides of the cone and deflected outward to the openings \Vin the form of spray and burned together with the vapor; hence noportion of the oil is wasted, and the burner is therefore adapted togenerate the maximum amount of heat with a minimum consumption of oil.tion. The said lamps are provided with chim- Another advantage resultingfrom the peculiar-construction of the burner is that the same does notbecome so readily clogged and fouled with the products of combustion asthe burners now in common use, and hence my improved burner does notrequire to be cleaned so often.

It is not essential to the operationof my burner that the same beinclosed in a combustion-chamber. On the contrary, the burners willoperate successfully in the open air.

In Fig. 4 I illustrate another mode of using my vapor-burner, in which anumber of the burners depend from a retort, H, which is rectangular inform, and is also provided with a central bridge-arm, I, the sides ofsaid arm and of the rectangle converging downward, as shown, so as toform a maximum extent of heating-surface, in a manner similar to thatemployed in the construction of the retort L, hereinbefore described.

Vapor-burners thus constructed are adapted to be used not only in stovesfor heating and cooking purposes, but may be also employed in thefurnaces of steam-boilers for generating steam.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The vapor-burnercomprising the case having the mixing-chamber Z formed in its interior,the feed-channel U and air-inlet openings communieatin g with the upperend of said mixing-chamber, the escape-openings W at the lower end ofsaid mixing-chamber and communicating directly with the outer air, andthe cone'X, rising from the bottom of the case, substantially asdescribed.

2. The burner having the opening U in its upper end for the admission ofvapor, the airinlet openings at its upper end,.the cone X, projectingfrom the base of the burner, the annular groove Y, surrounding the baseof the cone, the escape-openings WV in the sides of the burner near itsbase, andthe diaphragm or plate Z, arranged in the ease and havingcentral opening, A, through which the apex of the cone projects,substantially as described. 3. The Vapor-burner comprising the casing S,having the vapor-supply channel U and the air-inlet openings V in itsupper end, the es cape-openings XV near its base, the cone X, projectingfrom its base, and the plate or diaphragm Z, arranged in the case andhaving the central opening, A, in combination with thecombustion-chamber, in which the burner is arranged, and means,substantially as speci fied, to supply the combustion-chamber with anascending current of air, substantially as described.

+2. The vapor-stove having the combustionchamber G and the drum I,incombination with the retort arranged in the drum, the burner dependingfrom the retort and arranged in the chamber G, and the lamps E on theouter side of the chamber G and arranged under the retort, substantiallyas described.

5. The vapor-stove comprising the hollow standard A, communicating atits lower end with the outer air, the table F at the upper end of saidstandard, the contracted combustion-chamber G, rising from the table,and the drum or oven I above said combustion-chamber, in combinationwith the retort and the burner depending therefrom, the said burnerbeing located in the chamber G, substantially as described.

HENRY P, ROBERTS.

\Vitnesses:

E. GREEN, YVM. XV. XVHITE.

